The Montessori Method of education is based on Doctor Maria 
Montessori’s (1870-1952) scientific observations about how children 
learn as they progress from birth to adulthood. Montessori discovered 
that children avidly absorb information from their surroundings, and 
that if these surroundings provide opportunities for learning, that 
children would readily teach themselves. Over more than 50 years, 
Montessori perfected the teaching principles, key learnings, and 
educational materials that provided children with the optimal learning 
environment.
Respect for the child
The unique developmental needs and interests of each child are 
respected. Children are not compared based on merit, they are valued for
 their individuality. Montessori education embraces multiple styles and 
pathways to learning, and understands that each child’s early learning 
journey is different.
Sensitive Periods
Children pass through specific stages in their development when they 
are most able to learn specific skills. In Montessori education, these 
are called ‘
sensitive periods‘.
 The Montessori learning environment supports these periods by proving 
children with hands-on learning experiences that encourage repetition 
and problem solving to maximise learning during these windows of 
opportunity. 
The Absorbent Mind
The first six years of life are crucial in a child’s development as 
they establish an understanding of themselves and their world. The 
Montessori environment supports children in this task by providing them 
with learning experiences that promote their sense of belonging, 
confidence, independence and agency.
Teaching Roles
Children are the centre of the Montessori classroom. The role of the 
teacher is to observe and guide, being mindful of children’s changing 
interests, developmental needs, and emotions. Teachers plan daily 
lessons for each child.
Montessori Materials
Montessori materials
 are sensory-based learning tools that are designed to isolate one skill
 or concept. The materials encourage hands-on learning, independent 
problem solving, and analytical thinking. Especially unique, is that 
each Montessori material is designed with a visual control of error.
Prepared Environment
The Montessori classroom is a prepared environment designed to 
optimise learning. Characteristics include: low open shelves, left to 
right display of Montessori materials in progression order, defined 
curriculum areas, child-sized furniture, freedom of movement, and 
freedom of choice.
Three Hour Work Cycle
Students participate in a three-hour work cycle every day. This 
period of individual learning provides children with the opportunity to 
choose their work and progress at their own pace.
Five Curriculum Areas
The 
Montessori Curriculum
 is divided into five key areas of learning: Practical Life, Sensorial, 
Mathematics, Language and Culture. Each curriculum area has a dedicated 
space in the prepared environment.
Normalisation
Normalisation
 describes the process where young children come to focus and 
concentrate on a task for a sustained period of time. This period of 
development is characterized by: love of work, concentration, 
self-discipline, sociability.